使用mapserver+qgis+openlayers搭建webGIS

自己今天一步一步做的，总结如下。

0.      检查

检查当前MS4W是否支持OGC WMS服务

使用DOS命令行进入MS4W的安装路径（如D:\ms4w\Apache\cgi-bin）， 执行mapserv -v

C:\ms4w\Apache\cgi-bin>mapserv-v

MapServerversion 5.2.1 OUTPUT=GIF OUTPUT=PNG OUTPUT=JPEG OUTPUT=WBMP OUTPUT=PDF

 OUTPUT=SWF OUTPUT=SVG SUPPORTS=PROJSUPPORTS=AGG SUPPORTS=FREETYPE SUPPORTS=ICO

NVSUPPORTS=FRIBIDI SUPPORTS=WMS_SERVER SUPPORTS=WMS_CLIENT SUPPORTS=WFS_SERVER

SUPPORTS=WFS_CLIENTSUPPORTS=WCS_SERVER SUPPORTS=SOS_SERVER SUPPORTS=FASTCGI SUP

PORTS=THREADSSUPPORTS=GEOS SUPPORTS=RGBA_PNG INPUT=JPEG INPUT=POSTGIS INPUT=OGR

 INPUT=GDAL INPUT=SHAPEFILE

1.      安装qgis

下载osgeo4w-setup.exe 最新版，直接运行，选择桌面GIS即可

安装完成后如下

2.      运行QGIS,生成*.map文件

在插件选项中，添加 mapserver export 插件

打开几个shp图层，右击每个图层，在属性中设置使用oldsymbology,否则不能导出到mapserver

选了3个图层，生成的map文件如下： 

# Map file created from QGIS project file I:/GIS/freeGIS/QGIS/chianmap_final.qgs

# Edit this file to customize for your map interface

# (Created with PyQgis MapServer Export plugin)

MAP

  NAME”QGIS-MAP”

  # Map image size

  SIZE 1200 800

  UNITS meters

 

  EXTENT 49.189774-3.159989 173.282634 76.327090

  FONTSET’fontset.txt’

  SYMBOLSET’symbols.txt’

  PROJECTION

    ‘proj=longlat’

    ‘ellps=WGS84’

   ‘towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0’

    ‘no_defs’

  END

 

  # Backgroundcolor for the map canvas — change as desired

  IMAGECOLOR 255255 255

  IMAGEQUALITY 95

  IMAGETYPE agg

 

  OUTPUTFORMAT

    NAME agg

    DRIVER AGG/PNG

    IMAGEMODE RGB

  END

  # Legend

  LEGEND

      IMAGECOLOR255 255 255

    STATUS ON

    KEYSIZE 18 12

    LABEL

      TYPE BITMAP

      SIZE MEDIUM

      COLOR 0 0 89

    END

  END

 

  # Web interfacedefinition. Only the template parameter

  # is required todisplay a map. See MapServer documentation

  WEB

    # Set IMAGEPATHto the path where MapServer should

    # write itsoutput.

    IMAGEPATH’/tmp/’

 

    # Set IMAGEURLto the url that points to IMAGEPATH

    # as defined inyour web server configuration

    IMAGEURL’/tmp/’

 

    # WMS serversettings

    METADATA

     ‘ows_title’           ‘QGIS-MAP’

     ‘ows_onlineresource’ ‘http://192.168.1.94:8080/cgi-bin/mapserv.exe?map=I:/GIS/freeGIS/QGIS/tt.map’

      ‘ows_srs’             ‘EPSG:4326’

    END

 

    #Scale range atwhich web interface will operate

    # Template andheader/footer settings

    # Only thetemplate parameter is required to display a map. See MapServer documentation

    TEMPLATE’fooOnlyForWMSGetFeatureInfo’

  END

 

  LAYER

    NAME ‘bou2_4p’

    TYPE POLYGON

    DUMP true

    TEMPLATEfooOnlyForWMSGetFeatureInfo

  EXTENT 49.189774-3.159989 173.282634 76.327090

    DATA’I:\GIS\maps\chinamap_final\bou2_4p.shp’

    METADATA

      ‘ows_title’ ‘bou2_4p’

    END

    STATUS OFF

    TRANSPARENCY100

    PROJECTION

    ‘proj=longlat’

    ‘ellps=WGS84’

   ‘towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0’

    ‘no_defs’

    END

    CLASS

       NAME’bou2_4p’

       STYLE

         WIDTH 1

        OUTLINECOLOR 0 0 0

         COLOR 21091 200

       END

    END

  END

 

  LAYER

    NAME’chinaMapL’

    TYPE LINE

    DUMP true

    TEMPLATEfooOnlyForWMSGetFeatureInfo

  EXTENT 49.189774-3.159989 173.282634 76.327090

    DATA’I:\GIS\maps\chinamap_final\chinaMapL.shp’

    METADATA

      ‘ows_title”chinaMapL’

    END

    STATUS OFF

    TRANSPARENCY100

    PROJECTION

    ‘proj=longlat’

    ‘ellps=WGS84’

   ‘towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0’

    ‘no_defs’

    END

    CLASS

       NAME’chinaMapL’

       STYLE

         WIDTH 1

         COLOR 182134 241

       END

    END

  END

 

  LAYER

    NAME ‘railway’

    TYPE LINE

    DUMP true

    TEMPLATEfooOnlyForWMSGetFeatureInfo

  EXTENT 49.189774-3.159989 173.282634 76.327090

    DATA’I:\GIS\maps\chinamap_final\railway.shp’

    METADATA

      ‘ows_title”railway’

    END

    STATUS OFF

    TRANSPARENCY100

    PROJECTION

    ‘proj=longlat’

    ‘ellps=WGS84’

   ‘towgs84=0,0,0,0,0,0,0’

    ‘no_defs’

    END

    CLASS

       NAME’railway’

       STYLE

         WIDTH 1

         COLOR 13595 134

       END

    END

  END

 

END

 

注意需要把里面的WIDTH 改为1，之前是0.91，否则会出错

在apache目录的htdocs下新建一map文件夹，将字体、symbols等文件

并且把map文件里面的FONTSET 和SYMBOLSET修改如下：

  FONTSET ‘fontset.txt’

  SYMBOLSET ‘symbols.txt’

 

3.      用浏览器访问地图服务

http://192.168.1.94:8080/cgi-bin/mapserv.exe?MAP=C:/ms4w/Apache/htdocs/map/tt.map&LAYERS=ALL&MODE=MAP

4.      更改apache的设置

在\Apache\cgi-bin复制mapserv.exe一份，改名xmap.exe

打开ms4w安装目录\Apache\conf\httpd.conf编辑

最后一行添加：

#用于碰到url中有/cgi-bin/xmap.exe，就调用../htdocs/map/test.map作为地图

SetEnvIf Request_URI “/cgi-bin/xmap.exe”MS_MAPFILE=../htdocs/map/test.map

然后使用浏览器访问

http://192.168.1.94:8080/cgi-bin/xmap.exe?LAYERS=ALL&MODE=MAP

结果如下：

 

5.      在openlayers 中调用

在调用自己的mapserver发布的wms服务时，地图的option中，单位需要与wms的单位一致，如       units : “dd”,否则距离量算不准确。

最大最小分辨率决定了地图在最小最大缩放时的大小

 

必须设置一个图层为基层图层，其他图层为非基基础图层，并且透明度设置为true，如下：

var layer1 = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS(“layer1”, “http://localhost:8080/cgi-bin/xmap.exe?”,{ layers: ‘railway’,transparent: “true”,IMAGETYPE: ‘PNG’}, { isBaseLayer: false});

var layer2 = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS(“layer2”, “http://localhost:8080/cgi-bin/xmap.exe?”,{ layers: ‘chinaMapL’,transparent: “true”,IMAGETYPE: ‘PNG’}, { isBaseLayer: false});

var layer3 = new OpenLayers.Layer.WMS(“layer3”, “http://localhost:8080/cgi-bin/xmap.exe?”,{ layers: ‘bou2_4p’,IMAGETYPE: ‘PNG’}, { isBaseLayer: true});

map.addLayers([layer1,layer2,layer3]);  

如下：

6. Qgis中可以设置地图显示样式，比如polygon对象的颜色分级，label标注字段、字体，图层的显示比例尺范围等。

设置好以后，还是直接导出为mapserver所需的*.map文件，注意修改里面的

  FONTSET ‘fontset.txt’
  SYMBOLSET ‘symbols.txt’

以及WIDTH为1.

就可以用了，实时渲染就是非常慢，本机都慢。

7. 下一步用mapserver发布WFS。

add:

symbols.txt的内容如下，直接拷贝即可：

Symbol
Name ‘tent’
Type VECTOR
Filled TRUE
Points
0 1
.5 0
1 1
.75 1
.5 .5
.25 1
0 1
END
END
Symbol
Name ‘star’
Type VECTOR
Filled TRUE
Points
0 .375
.35 .375
.5 0
.65 .375
1 .375
.75 .625
.875 1
.5 .75
.125 1
.25 .625
END
END
Symbol
Name ‘triangle’
Type VECTOR
Filled TRUE
Points
0 1
.5 0
1 1
0 1
END
END
Symbol
Name ‘square’
Type VECTOR
Filled TRUE
Points
0 1
0 0
1 0
1 1
0 1
END
END
Symbol
Name ‘plus’
Type VECTOR
Points
.5 0
.5 1
-99 -99
0 .5
1 .5
END
END
Symbol
Name ‘cross’
Type VECTOR
Points
0 0
1 1
-99 -99
0 1
1 0
END
END
Symbol
Name ‘circle’
Type ELLIPSE
Filled TRUE
Points
1 1
END
END

Symbol
Type VECTOR
TRANSPARENT 0
Points
0 1
1 1
END
END
Symbol
Type VECTOR
TRANSPARENT 0
Points
1 0
1 1
END
END
Symbol
Type VECTOR
TRANSPARENT 0
Points
0 0
1 1
END
END
Symbol
Type VECTOR
TRANSPARENT 0
Points
0 1
1 0
END
END
Symbol
Type VECTOR
Points
0 1
1 0
-99 -99
0 0
1 1
END
END
Symbol
Type ELLIPSE
Filled TRUE
Points
1 1
END
END

fontset.txt内容如下：

simhei  Fonts\simhei.ttf
arial  Fonts\arial.ttf
simfang Fonts\simfang.ttf
simkai Fonts\simkai.ttf

Fonts文件夹内容如下，你只拷贝fontset.txt中的字体文件进去即可：

转载自：https://blog.csdn.net/xuhaiyan8825/article/details/6926829