【GIS部署系列】3、CentOS 7下载OpenStreetMap并导入PostgreSQL（ArcGIS、Mapnik、geoserver、osm2pgsql、TileMill）
1、下载地图
到OpenStreetMap官网下载地图数据
我下载“china-latest.osm.pbf”这文件，存为：/tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf
2、安装osm2pgsql
先安装依赖库
sudo yum -y install epel-release
sudo yum install -y postgresql10-devel
sudo yum install -y cmake make gcc-c++ boost-devel expat-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel proj-devel proj-epsg lua-devel
拉取源码
进入osm2pgsql 目录，执行下面指令：
mkdir build && cd build
cmake ..
make
sudo make install
上面“cmake ..”如果报“Could NOT find PostgreSQL (missing: PostgreSQL_LIBRARY_DIRS”之类的，
则把“cmake ..”换成下面语句：（参见：https://github.com/eulerto/pgquarrel/issues/27 ）
cmake .. -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH=/usr/pgsql-10
（上面 “/usr/pgsql-10” 换成你的实际路径）
3、导入地图数据
创建数据库chinaosm
# su postgres
createdb chinaosm
启用一些扩展
psql -d chinaosm -c ‘CREATE EXTENSION postgis; CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology; CREATE EXTENSION ogr_fdw; CREATE EXTENSION hstore;’
导入数据到chinaosm库
osm2pgsql –create –database chinaosm /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf
上面语句出现错误“Node cache size is too small to fit all nodes. Please increase cache size”，
则添加“-C”参数，例如：
osm2pgsql –create –database chinaosm -C 5000 /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf
导入过程可能比较久，我开着电脑一晚上，应该导入成功了，下面是执行过程信息：
bash-4.2$ osm2pgsql –create –database chinaosm -C 5000 /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf
osm2pgsql version 0.96.0 (64 bit id space)
Using built-in tag processing pipeline
Using projection SRS 3857 (Spherical Mercator)
Setting up table: planet_osm_point
Setting up table: planet_osm_line
Setting up table: planet_osm_polygon
Setting up table: planet_osm_roads
Allocating memory for dense node cache
Allocating dense node cache in one big chunk
Allocating memory for sparse node cache
Sharing dense sparse
Node-cache: cache=5000MB, maxblocks=80000*65536, allocation method=3
Reading in file: /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf
Using PBF parser.
Processing: Node(57980k 2520.9k/s) Way(4236k 17.36k/s) Relation(48000 46.02/s) parse time: 1311s
Node stats: total(57980764), max(5734941590) in 23s
Way stats: total(4236740), max(604382393) in 244s
Relation stats: total(48052), max(8423110) in 1044s
Committing transaction for planet_osm_point
Committing transaction for planet_osm_line
Committing transaction for planet_osm_polygon
Committing transaction for planet_osm_roads
Using built-in tag processing pipeline
Going over pending ways…
1709004 ways are pending
Using 1 helper-processes
Finished processing 1709004 ways in 916 s
1709004 Pending ways took 916s at a rate of 1865.72/s
Committing transaction for planet_osm_point
Committing transaction for planet_osm_line
Committing transaction for planet_osm_polygon
Committing transaction for planet_osm_roads
Going over pending relations…
0 relations are pending
Using 1 helper-processes
Finished processing 0 relations in 0 s
Committing transaction for planet_osm_point
警告: 没有事物在运行中
Committing transaction for planet_osm_line
警告: 没有事物在运行中
Committing transaction for planet_osm_polygon
警告: 没有事物在运行中
Committing transaction for planet_osm_roads
警告: 没有事物在运行中
Sorting data and creating indexes for planet_osm_point
node cache: stored: 57980764(100.00%), storage efficiency: 50.42% (dense blocks: 438, sparse nodes: 55701723), hit rate: 100.00%
Copying planet_osm_point to cluster by geometry finished
Creating geometry index on planet_osm_point
Creating indexes on planet_osm_point finished
All indexes on planet_osm_point created in 64s
Completed planet_osm_point
Sorting data and creating indexes for planet_osm_line
Copying planet_osm_line to cluster by geometry finished
Creating geometry index on planet_osm_line
Creating indexes on planet_osm_line finished
All indexes on planet_osm_line created in 451s
Completed planet_osm_line
Sorting data and creating indexes for planet_osm_polygon
注意: Self-intersection at or near point 13317174.283909315 3548338.7420334821
注意: Self-intersection at or near point 11985875.572086383 4115611.18050856
Copying planet_osm_polygon to cluster by geometry finished
Creating geometry index on planet_osm_polygon
Creating indexes on planet_osm_polygon finished
All indexes on planet_osm_polygon created in 252s
Completed planet_osm_polygon
Sorting data and creating indexes for planet_osm_roads
Copying planet_osm_roads to cluster by geometry finished
Creating geometry index on planet_osm_roads
Creating indexes on planet_osm_roads finished
All indexes on planet_osm_roads created in 125s
Completed planet_osm_roads
Osm2pgsql took 3861s overall
bash-4.2$
4、导入OpenStreetMap-Carto样式
上面步骤做完后，地图数据已经完成导入了，这个Carto样式可以不用导入！
下载后解压，然后进入目录，比如我的是：/tmp/openstreetmap-carto-4.12.1，接着执行下面语句：
osm2pgsql -G –hstore –style openstreetmap-carto.style –tag-transform-script openstreetmap-carto.lua -d chinaosm -C 5000 /tmp/china-latest.osm.pbf
提示：当我做这一步的时候，发现它是又重新导入china-latest.osm.pdf数据，等了半天。。。
（完）
转载自：https://blog.csdn.net/envon123/article/details/81034356
