postgis学习笔记
1.将.shp格式数据代入数据库postgis
中:
shp2pgsql -W”GBK” f:\XianCh_point.shp ccvv >f:\ccvv.sql
psql -d postgis -f f:\ccvv.sql postgres
表名称：ccvv
数据库名字：postgis
角色名：postgres
2.创建表空间数据库用户在pgAdmin中可设置。
1）create tablespace dhsdpgis_tp owner postgres location ‘d:\’
2）crate database dhsdpgis_db owner postgres
TABLESPACE dhsdpgis_tp;
3）createuser -U postgres – P Allen
3进入数据库 cd D:\PostgreSQL\9.2\bin
D:\PostgreSQL\9.2\bin
psql –d postgis postgres
创建空间表
CREATE TABLE ROADS ( ID int4, ROAD_NAME varchar(25), geom. geometry(LINESTRING,4326) );
1.插入一列（线）
ALTER TABLE roads ADD COLUMN geom2 geometry(LINESTRINGZ,4326);
SELECT AddGeometryColumn( ‘roads’, ‘geom’, 423, ‘LINESTRING’, 2);
2.(‘MULTIPOLYGON’)
CREATE TABLE parks (
park_id INTEGER,
park_name VARCHAR,
park_date DATE,
park_type VARCHAR
);
SELECT AddGeometryColumn(‘模式’,'parks', 'park_geom', 128, 'MULTIPOLYGON', 2 );
3. (GEOMETRY)
CREATE TABLE roads (
road_id INTEGER,
road_name VARCHAR
);
SELECT AddGeometryColumn( 'roads', 'roads_geom', 0, 'GEOMETRY', 3 );
4
CREATE TABLE pois_ny(gid SERIAL PRIMARY KEY
, poi_name text, cat varchar(20)
, geom geometry(POINT,4326) );
SELECT AddGeometryColumn('pois_ny', 'geom_2160', 2160, 'POINT', 2, false);
添加点
String sql = “INSERT INTO business(名称, geom) VALUES(‘cccXXXXcc集团‘, ‘POINT(“+x+” “+y+”)’)”;
修改点
String sql = “update “+table+” set
名称=’东和盛达2′ , geom =ST_GeomFromText(‘POINT(“+x+” “+y+“)’)
where gid = 4″;
geometry ST_GeomFromText(text
WKT);
geometry ST_GeomFromText(text
WKT, integer srid);
ST_AsEWKT(geom)包含SRID ST_AsText(GEOM)不包含
5．
ST_GeomFromText(‘POINT(22 22)’)将其转化为 geometry
类似010100000054B7AB482BB65D40D40D4D6BCEB64240
ST_AsText 转化为 类似POINT(22 22)
获取两个面
之间最短距离的点
ST_ClosestPoint（geometry
g1, geometry g2）g2到g1最近的点
该点在g1上
SELECT ST_AsText(
ST_ClosestPoint(ST_GeomFromText(’ POLYGON((175 150, 20 40, 50 60, 125 100, 175 150))’),
ST_Buffer(ST_GeomFromText(’POINT(110 170)’), 20)))
SELECT ST_AsText(ST_ClosestPoint(pt,line)
) AS cp_pt_line, ST_AsText(ST_ClosestPoint(line,pt )) As cp_line_pt FROM (SELECT ‘POINT(100 100)’::geometry As
pt, ‘LINESTRING (20 80, 98 190, 110 180, 50 75 )’::geometry As
line) As foo ;
结果：POINT(100 100) | POINT(73.0769230769231 115.384615384615)
或者
SELECT ST_AsText(ST_ClosestPoint(ST_GeomFromText(‘LINESTRING (20 80, 98 190, 110 180, 50 75 )’),ST_GeomFromText(‘POINT(100 100)’) ) ) AS cp_pt_line FROM business;
结果：“POINT(73.0769230769231 115.384615384615)”
ST_Contains(A,B) B在A内
ST_Within(A,B) A 在B内
判断A是否被B包含 ST_Within(geometry A, geometry
B)
判断A是否包含B
ST_Contains(geometry A, geometry B)
判断A是否覆盖 B ST_Covers(geometry A, geometry B)
SELECT ST_AsText(
ST_ShortestLine(’POINT(100 100) ’::geometry,’LINESTRING (20 80, 98 -190, 110 180, 50 75 )’::geometry)) As sline;sline
—————–
LINESTRING(100 100,73.0769230769231 –
115.384615384615)
SELECT ST_AsText(ST_ShortestLine(ST_GeomFromText(’ POLYGON((175 150, 20 40, 50 60, 125 100, 175150))’),ST_Buffer( -ST_GeomFromText(’POINT(110 170)’), 20))) As slinewkt;
LINESTRING(140.752120669087 125.695053378061,121.111404660392 153.370607753949)
ST_DWithin(
ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText(‘POINT(118.84839183778 37.4231344123688)’,4326),2383),
ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText(‘MULTIPOLYGON (((118.853945599439 37.4229670850174, 118.8658 37.4225250432923, 118.853278523793 37.4326615750288, 118.853476307826 37.4231018594778, 118.853945599439 37.4229670850174)))’,4326),2383),
100
多边形查询
多边形内的所有点
SELECT gid, “名称”, geom
FROM business where ST_Within(business.geom,
ST_GeomFromText(‘MULTIPOLYGON (((118.853945599439 37.4229670850174, 118.8658 37.4225250432923, 118.853278523793 37.4326615750288, 118.853476307826 37.4231018594778, 118.853945599439 37.4229670850174)))’)
) ;
缓冲区查询：
String sql = “select *,ST_AsText(ST_Buffer(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText(‘POINT(118.8665,37.420134)’,4236),4236),2500)) as BufferFeatures from business where ST_DWithin(ST_Transform(ST_SetSRID(geom, 4236),2383),ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText(‘POINT(118.8665,37.420134)’,4236),4236),2500)
“;
空间查询：
1.圆查：
String sql = “select *,gid,ST_GeometryType(geom),GeometryType(geom) ,ST_Area(ST_Transform(ST_GeomFromText(‘MULTIPOLYGON(((“+geometry+”)))’,4236),2383)) from “+layerName+” limit 1 “;
2.拉框查询：
String sql = “select *,ST_AsText(geom) as geometry,GeometryType(geom) as geometryType from “+layerName+”
where ST_Within(geom,ST_GeomFromText(‘MULTIPOLYGON(((“+geometry+“)))’))”;
转载自：https://blog.csdn.net/allen_oscar/article/details/8789909
