北斗系统开通五周年成绩卓著
2017年12月27日,北斗系统开通五周年新闻发布会在国务院新闻办公室新闻发布厅召开。北斗卫星导航系统新闻发言人、中国卫星导航系统管理办公室主任冉承其,中华人民共和国交通运输部综合规划司副司长彭思义出席本次新闻发布会,介绍北斗卫星导航系统开通五周年等方面情况,并回答记者相关问题,还正式公布了B1C和B2a信号接口控制文件(1.0版)。 冉承其指出,五年来,北斗系统能力不断增强,应用产业呈现快速发展,国际合作成为国家名片。
一、北斗系统建设与运行
北斗系统立足国情富有特色,国际首创混合星座设计,开创导航定位、短报文通信、差分增强融合技术体制,荣获2016年国家科技进步特等奖,入选2017年世界互联网大会领先科技成果。 北斗二号性能稳中有升。五年来,系统连续稳定运行,定位精度由10米提升至6米。建设北斗地基增强系统,形成全国“一张网”,可提供实时厘米级高精度服务。建成全球连续监测评估系统,具备对北斗、GPS、格洛纳斯、伽利略四大系统监测评估能力。 北斗三号组网拉开大幕。继承北斗特色,对标世界一流,将短报文通信服务由区域拓展至全球,增加星间链路、全球搜索救援等新功能,播发性能更优的导航信号。发射5颗试验卫星,星载原子钟天稳定度达E-15量级,定位精度2.5米至5米,较北斗二号提升1至2倍。同步开展北斗星基增强系统建设。
二、北斗应用与产业化
已形成北斗完整产业链,北斗在国家安全和重点领域标配化使用,在大众消费领域规模化应用,正在催生“北斗+”融合应用新模式。 北斗基础产品实现历史性跨越。五年前,国内没有一片国产北斗芯片,现如今,已有坚强的“北斗芯”。 国产北斗芯片从无到有,工艺显著提升,价格逐步降低,已实现规模化应用。 行业区域应用显现规模化效益。五年前,国内基本使用国外卫星导航系统。现如今,北斗已在公安、交通、渔业、电力、林业、减灾等行业得到广泛使用,正服务于智慧城市建设和社会治理。基于北斗的高精度服务,已用于精细农业、危房监测、无人驾驶等领域。 大众应用触手可及。五年来,北斗由“高大上”转为“接地气”,日益走近百姓生活。世界主流手机芯片大都支持北斗,国内销售的智能手机北斗正成为标配。共享单车配装北斗实现精细管理。支持北斗的手表、手环、学生卡,更加方便和保护人们日常生活。 北斗融合互联网催生新业态。国内从业企业超过1.4万家,从业人员超过45万。国内卫星导航产业年产值年均增长率超过15%,2016年突破2118亿元,北斗贡献率超过70%,预计2017年超过2500亿元,北斗贡献率可达80%。北斗与互联网、云计算、大数据融合,建成高精度时空信息云服务平台,推出全球首个支持北斗的加速辅助定位系统,服务覆盖200余个国家和地区。
三、北斗国际合作与交流
中国的北斗,世界的北斗。北斗已走出国门,正加速融入世界。 全面开展大国合作。成立中俄卫星导航合作项委会,中美、中欧卫星导航合作工作组。开通中俄卫星导航联合监测平台,与美、俄分别签署系统兼容与互操作联合声明,为多系统实现共赢,全球用户享受更加高效可靠服务做出中国贡献。 广泛参与多边合作。积极参与联合国全球卫星导航系统国际委员会,2012年主办第七届大会,2018年将主办第十三届大会。中国卫星导航学术年会连续举办八届。北斗已加入国际民航、国际海事、3GPP移动通信三大国际组织,北斗还将为全球提供免费搜索救援服务。 积极推动服务世界。与南亚、中亚、东盟、阿盟、非洲等国家和组织建立合作机制,举办“北斗亚太行”、“北斗东盟行”、中阿北斗合作论坛、中沙卫星导航研讨会等系列活动,加强技术交流和人才培养,服务“一带一路”国家和地区。 展望未来,冉承其表示,北斗三号将在2018年底,建成基本系统;2020年底,建成世界一流的全球系统。在此基础上,加快构建基于北斗的国家综合定位、导航、授时体系。北斗将以崭新姿态、更强能力、更好服务,造福人类,服务全球。
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